Reservation+Life

Reservation Life
Native Americans have been living on government reservation land since 1897 when they were forced onto faming land. They were told to make there living via agriculture. Natives did not understand farming very well and suffered tremendously.

http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/nov2005/2005-11-16-03.asp Today, Native Americans have multiple lands set aside by the government. The largest of which is Navaho land with sixteen million acres. Reservations are among the most impoverished communities in the United States. With little to no revenue coming in, natives are very poor. They live in shacks and run down homes. Their land is beautiful but their living conditions are less than desirable.

History
The National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) was founded in 1944 in conpliance with the U.S. government. The U.S. felt that Idians should not be separated into hundreds of tribes because they all had there own views and laws. Behind the NCAI, all tribes would be ruled under American Indian law. (for more information visit Politics)

Employment
Many jobs are needed around a reservation. Food, post, clothes, a whole society is needed just like every where in the world. Who will teach or take our trash? Indians on the reservation must maintain there land and hold up society. (see Business) 
 * **Organization** || **Position** || **Open Date** || **Close Date** ||
 * Native Nations Institute for Leadership, Management, and Policy (NNI) || [=225|RESEARCH ANALYST NATIVE NATIONS INSTITUTE]] || 04/18/2008 || 05/09/2008 ||
 * Pueblo de San Ildefonso || [=224|Education Program Director]] || 04/23/2008 || 05/09/2008 ||
 * Northeast Wisconsin Technical College || [=223|DIGITAL MEDIA TECHNOLOGY (Audio) INSTRUCTOR, 50%]] || 04/23/2008 || 05/06/2008 ||
 * Northeast Wisconsin Technical College || [=222|DIGITAL MEDIA TECHNOLOGY (Video) INSTRUCTOR, 50%]] || 04/23/2008 || 05/06/2008 ||
 * Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe || [=218|Juvenile Prosecutor]] || 04/10/2008 ||  ||
 * Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe || [=217|Directing Prosecutor]] || 04/10/2008 ||  ||
 * National Congress of American Indians || [=212|LEGISLATIVE STAFF—SENIOR LEVEL]] || 04/05/2008 ||  ||
 * National Congress of American Indians || [=211|Director of Development]] || 04/05/2008 || 05/02/2008 ||
 * Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community || [=209|Child Welfare Officer]] || 03/19/2008 ||  ||
 * Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community || [=208|Family Advocate]] || 03/19/2008 ||  ||
 * ICF International || [=205|Various]] || 02/29/2008 ||  ||
 * Girl Scouts of Oregon and Southwest Washington || [=204|Chief Executive Officer]] || 02/29/2008 ||  ||
 * NARA NW || [=201|Various]] || 02/27/2008 ||  ||
 * The United Indians of All Tribes Foundation (UIATF) || [=195|Seattle Team for Youth Case Manager]] || 02/01/2008 ||  ||
 * U.S. Food and Drug Administration || [=190|CSO (Investigator)]] || 01/28/2008 ||  ||
 * NATIONAL INDIAN CHILD WELFARE ASSOCIATION || [=184|Director of Research (PhD)]] ||  ||   ||
 * NATIONAL INDIAN CHILD WELFARE ASSOCIATION || [=183|Community Development Specialist]] || 01/17/2008 ||  ||
 * Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians || [=181|Deputy Law Enforcement Officer]] || 01/11/2008 ||  ||
 * U.S. General Services Administration || [=178|Acquisition professionals]] || 01/09/2008 ||  ||
 * Department of Anthropology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution || [=176|Curator]] || 01/10/2008 ||  ||
 * Department of Health and Human Services || [=173|Chief Financial Officer]] || 12/22/2007 ||  ||
 * NCAI || [=171|Program Associate]] || 12/18/2007 ||  ||
 * NCAI || [=170|Program Manager]] || 12/18/2007 ||  ||
 * Institute of American Indian Arts Position Announcement || [=165|Faculty position in Health & Wellness]] || 12/14/2007 ||  ||
 * AMERIND Risk Management Corp || [=163|Safety Service Specialist]] || 12/05/2007 ||  ||
 * AMERIND Risk Management Corp || [=162|Graphic Design Specialist]] || 12/05/2007 ||  ||
 * AMERIND Risk Management Corp || [=161|Accounting Representative (Accounts Receivable)]] || 12/05/2007 ||  ||
 * BONNEVILLE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION WTOP RADIO NETWORK || [=158|Local Sales Manager]] || 11/27/2007 ||  ||
 * || [=157|PUBLICATIONS DESIGNER SPECIALIST ESS LEVEL V]] || 11/16/2007 ||  ||
 * The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom || [=155|Executive Director]] ||  ||   ||
 * Office of Indian Child Welfare || [=153|Social Worker 3 ]] ||  ||   ||
 * The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians || [=152|Attorney]] ||  ||   ||
 * WTOP AM/FM || [=151|Computer Support Specialist]] || 10/19/2007 ||  ||
 * Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians || [=149|Director of Social Services]] || 10/01/2007 ||  ||
 * Morris K. Udall Foundation || [=148|General Counsel]] ||  ||   ||
 * Academy for Educational Development || [=147|Senior Disabilities Specialist]] ||  ||   ||
 * 3WT/WWWT || [=144|ACCOUNT MANAGER]] || 09/10/2007 ||  ||
 * National American Indian Head Start Training and Technical Assistance Center for Early Care and Education || [=143|Disabilities Specialist 7.2]] ||  ||   ||
 * The College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, the University of Kansas, Lawrence campus || [=142|COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS AND SCIENCES DIRECTOR: INDIGENOUS NATIONS STUDIES PROGRAM ]] ||  ||   ||
 * || [=141|Religious Program Specialist (Native American Chaplain) ]] ||  ||   ||
 * Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians || [=140|Fish Processors (6) Fall Season – Now until Nov. 6th, 2007 (Please apply at Bells Fishery, Mackinaw City) ]] || 08/31/2007 ||  ||
 * Reno-Sparks Indian Colony || [=137|Tribal Court Administrator]] || 08/29/2007 ||  ||
 * Native America Calling || [=136|Associate Producer and Network Content Manager ]] ||  ||   ||
 * Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians || [=129|Deputy Law Enforcement Officer]] || 08/10/2007 ||  ||
 * NATIONAL INDIAN CHILD WELFARE ASSOCIATION || [=125|Board and Member Relations Manager]] ||  ||   ||
 * National Indian Child Welfare Association (NICWA) || [=121|Board and Member Relations Manager]] ||  ||   ||
 * The National Congress of American Indians || [=115|Legal and Policy Assistant]] || 07/03/2007 ||  ||
 * NativeEnergy, LLC || [=111|Marketing & Sales -- multiple positions]] || 05/10/2007 ||  ||
 * Indian Health Center of Santa Clara Valley || [=110|Director of Development ]] || 05/11/2007 ||  ||
 * Mental Health America || [=108|Media Relations Intern]] || 04/18/2007 ||

Blackfeet Reservation
The Blackfeet Indian Reservation is a Blackfeet tribe Indian reservation in Montana. According to the 2000 census, there are 10,100 Blackfeet Indians living on this reservation. The Blackfeet tribal members run the local government and have control over the courts, wildlife management, health care, education, employment assistance, land management, and senior services on the reservation.

The tribe also leases land for homes, grazing, farms, and commercial uses. The Blackfeet tribe holds the right of first refusal, which states that all private land must be offered for sale to tribal members before anybody else. Unemployment is a big problem for the Blackfeet Indians living on the reservation. Although the majority of Blackfeet do not have jobs, they do generate some farm income. The Blackfeet use farming to raise cattle and other livestock. Beef cattle raising is also responsible for generating 80% of the farm’s income.

media type="youtube" key="9VB1NcJzEzk&hl=en" height="355" width="425" Blackfeet Reservation land and housing is depicted in this video.

Ownership of the Land
Under General Allotment Act of 1897, or the Dawes Severalty Act, Native Americans could sell their land which soon resulted in a loss of 90 million acres. Originally there was 150 million designated acres of Indian land. The Act gave individual families 360 acres to promote farming near and on reservation. This was later repealed in 1934 by the Indian Reorganization Act to prevent future loss of more land.

Currently land is owned by the federal government for the benefit of the tribes. Most of this land is within federal reservations although some tribes have purchased outside land with tribal funds. All of the land owned by tribes and families today cannot be sold without the authorization of the federal government. ( copy of the General Allotment Act )

Use of Land
Today, tribes use the reservation’s land for natural resources for benefit. These resources include timber, oil, gas, coal, uranium, water, land, wildlife and fish. The only problem with this is that the government states that they must have complete oversight of the development. While some tribes use the land’s resources as income other tribes use their land for commercial uses such as retail shopping, hotel and restaurant management, gaming and tourism. = States with Native American Reservations: = = =



Tribal community colleges dating back to 1968 still exist on many of the reservations. Social services are also provided, such as hospitals, schools, tribal agencies for health, education and welfare.

**Healthcare**
Many Native Americans today suffer from a lack of sufficient healthcare available on the reservation. Because of this lack of healthcare, many Native Americans become infected with various diseases such as diabetes, mental health disorders, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, and influenza, which oftentimes go untreated. This lack of treatment causes the health conditions of infected Native Americans to gradually worsen which can eventually lead to death. These diseases became more prevalent after the Native Americans adopted a more western way of living.

Two of the reasons for the inadequate healthcare Native Americans receive are that there is a lack of public health infrastructure and a lack of services available on reservations. Healthcare being provided to Native Americans living on reservations comes from the [|Indian Health Service (IHS)] and from the [|Medicaid] program. The problem is that the funding that Native Americans receive from these programs is significantly less than what is needed. In fact, the federal government only spends half of the amount of money on healthcare per Native American tribal member that it would spend on all other Americans. Therefore, other Americans are getting double the healthcare funding that Native Americans living on reservations receive.

Housing
Native Americans suffer from a lack of adequate housing on reservations. These houses have a quality that is less than standard, and there is a lack of affordable housing on the reservations as well. The biggest problem with housing for Native Americans is the severe household overcrowding that takes place.

Native Americans on reservations usually accept all family members, who are homeless, into their homes. This can cause severe overcrowding as it is not uncommon to have up to 25 Native Americans living in a two-bedroom house. This overcrowding in the household leads to an increase in the spread of infectious diseases and an increase in social problems, including domestic violence and alcoholism.

Other problems with houses on reservations are that there is a lack of adequate plumbing, telephone service, sewers, electricity, landfills, and paved roads. Without these elements, it is difficult to establish new housing that is able to be lived in. The severity of the climate on some reservations and the lack of suitable land are other factors which have led to a scarcity of sufficient housing being available on Indian land.

One organization who is trying to aid Native Americans with this problem is the [|Native American Indian Housing Council (NAIHC)]. Several federal aid acts have also been passed to try to alleviate this problem including: the [|Native American Housing Block Grant] and the [|Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act (NAHASDA),]which was passed in 1997.

Facts
 
 * Over 160 tribes are involved in gaming.
 *  Currently there are over 300 reservations in the United States & some of the existing five hundred Indian tribes are not represented at all.
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; msoFareastFontFamily: 'Times New Roman'mso-ansi-language">Approximately 275 Indian land areas in the U.S. are administered as Indian reservations.
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; msoFareastFontFamily: 'Times New Roman'mso-ansi-language">Just 68% of American Indians have household telephones compared to 95% for all other groups in the U.S.
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; msoFareastFontFamily: 'Times New Roman'mso-ansi-language">There are 90,000 homeless or underhoused American Indians on reservations.
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; msoFareastFontFamily: 'Times New Roman'mso-ansi-language">Native Americans are 650% more likely to die from Tuberculosis, 420% more likely to die from diabetes, and 52% to die from pneumonia or the flu than the United States average.

History: http://www.ncai.org/About.8.0.html Employment: http://www.ncai.org/Employment.16.0.html<span (jobs) Land Rights: http://www.ncai.org/Land_Natural_Resources.24.0.html<span
<span style="COLOR: rgb(153,153,153)">From/created by: [|**elgibio**]